QUESTION 1Which group includes photosynthetic members?ProtistsBacteriaPlantsAll of theseQUESTION 2In a recent newspaper article promoting the eating of seaweed and seaweed products, the argument was made that doing so was a more efficient use of energy than eating animals. Why would eating seaweed be more energy efficient than eating an animal?The energy found in animal matter represents a fraction of the energy found in the plant matter eaten by the animal. It would be better to just eat the plant and skip a step.The conversion of plant matter to animal matter produces less waste than converting animal material to animal material.Plant matter contains more energy per unit volume than does animal matter.Plant matter contains more energy per unit weight than does animal matter.QUESTION 3Calories are contained in sugars and fats but not in artificial sweeteners like NutraSweet. What are possible reasons that NutraSweet does not contain calories?We lack enzymes to break the bonds.The sweetness is from chemicals other than sugars.The sugars are more easily broken and converted to energy.The calories are lost as heat.We lack enzymes to break the bonds and the sweetness is from chemicals other than sugars are possible.QUESTION 4What is the role of mitochondria in plants?Produce ATPPhotosynthesisProduce sugarsNone, as plants do not have mitochondriaQUESTION 5Energy of activation ________.is the energy required for molecules to react with each otherrequires the use of enzymesallows for feedback inhibitionacts on the products of metabolic reactionsis a measure of the amount of solar radiation striking a leaf surfaceQUESTION 6Which process is used to make bread rise?lactic acid fermentationglycolysisalcoholic fermentationthe Krebs cyclecellular respirationQUESTION 7The enzyme that converts pyruvic acid into acetyl CoA requires vitamin B1, also called thiamine. Vitamin B1 has to be taken in through the diet of an individual. At what phase would cellular respiration come to a halt without B1?glycolysispreparatory reactioncitric acid cycleelectron transport chainQUESTION 8Plastids are storage organelles. A chloroplast is a type of plastid. What does a chloroplast store?EnergyChlorophyllCarbonElectronsQUESTION 9What is the definition of energy?The capacity to do workThe movement of an objectParticles moving in waves through a systemThe amount of order in a systemQUESTION 10The light reactions of photosynthesis ultimately convert low-energy molecules of ________ into high-energy molecules of ________.NADP+; NADPHADP; ATPBoth of these are correct.Neither of these is correct.QUESTION 11What molecule most directly provides the energy you need for your muscles to contract?glucoseATPNADHADPoxygenQUESTION 12A product of glycolysis is ______ethyl alcohollactic acidpyruvateoxygenacetyl CoAQUESTION 13The end product of the Calvin cycle reactions is ___________.glucoseglyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P)sucrose3-phosphoglycerate (3PG)ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate (RuBP)QUESTION 14Where does cellular respiration occur?In the chloroplastsIn the mitochondriaIn the nucleusIn the airways of the respiratory systemQUESTION 15Identify the stage (or stages) of cellular respiration that occurs entirely outside of the mitochondria.Citric acid cycleElectron transport chainGlycolysisAll of theseQUESTION 16What type(s) of organisms does cellular respiration occur in?autotrophsheterotrophsdecomposersproducersAll answers given are correct.QUESTION 17Predict what would happen as the entropy of a system approached 100%.All motion would stop.Randomness would become maximized.Order would become maximized.Heat would decrease.QUESTION 18Which of the following shows the flow of energy at the cellular level through the biosphere?solar energy – mitochondria – chloroplastchloroplast – solar energy – mitochondriasolar energy – chloroplast – mitochondriamitochondria – solar energy – chloroplastchloroplast – mitochondria – solar energyQUESTION 19How do we know green light is not absorbed by chlorophyll?Green light is the wavelength of light that is reflected instead of absorbed by the chloroplasts.Not enough of the green light penetrates the ozone layer and makes it to the plant.Green light has such a small wavelength that most of it goes straight through the leaves without interacting with the chlorophyll.Green light does not have enough energy to excite an electron in the photosystem.QUESTION 20Identify the stage of cellular respiration when glucose is split into two molecules of pyruvic acid.Citric acid cycleCalvin cycleElectron transport chainGlycolysisQUESTION 21Select the term which best defines the movement of an object against an opposing force.WorkPlayEnergyEntropyQUESTION 22Cellular respiration is the opposite of what other cellular process?fermentationcell divisionhydrolysisphotosynthesisdehydration synthesisQUESTION 23How does CO2 enter a plant?Through the rootsThrough the stomataThrough the stromaThrough the granaQUESTION 24Identify which of the following statements is not true.ATP is formed when energy is released during cell respiration.When ATP becomes ADP + P, the amount of energy released is enough for a biological purpose.ATP is comprised of a sugar, base, and two phosphate groups.ATP contains the energy form used for cellular work.ADP is low in potential energy.QUESTION 25When a car burns gasoline, much of the energy is in the form of heat as the car is driven. Which of the following best describes this in relation to the 1st law of thermodynamics?Energy is conserved.Energy can be changed from one form to another.Energy is often destroyed.All energy comes from the sun.Energy is always used up in reactions.